BOSTON — Early education centers and family day care homes in Massachusetts will need an infusion of $690 million over the next five months to successfully reopen and recover from the shutdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a new report.

As the state this week begins to review child care center safety plans and green light reopenings, the study from the liberal-leaning Massachusetts Budget and Policy Center highlights how the situation has worsened for an industry already reliant on tuition that was struggling to meet the needs of families before the pandemic.

“There’s no going back to normal in the economy without child care being available. I think we’re all realizing, as parents and around the commonwealth, that this is vital,” said Colin Jones, a senior policy analyst for the center and the author of the report.

The call for state government to think about how it can prop up an industry in crisis comes as state tax collections are collapsing and states are looking to the federal government for new financial aid to fill budget holes and cover new expenses.

Some day care operators have said that they are struggling to obtain the personal protective equipment necessary to reopen, while others worry that they will burn through their cash reserves within a couple months as they are forced to operate at reduced child capacity to observe social distancing. Day care centers planning to reopen next week had to submit their safety plans to the state by Sunday for review.

The report does not recommend where the money should come from, but the center has previously suggested eliminating ineffective tax breaks for wealthy individuals and corporations or tapping the $3.5 billion “rainy day” fund as ways to avoid cuts to services if the federal government doesn’t step up with more money.

“There are a bunch of options and all are preferable to allowing the child care sector to collapse,” Jones said.

About 8,200 early education providers in Massachusetts offer care and services to families of the more than 360,000 children aged 4 and under around the state. About 65% of those providers are caregivers who provide early education services from their homes.

During the COVID-19 shutdown, over 500 day care centers continued to operate on an emergency basis for medical professionals, first responders and other parents who had to continue to report for work. Only about 4,000 children filled the roughly 10,000 slots made available.

Based on data compiled by the Department of Early Education and Care, MassBudget reported that family child care homes and centers lost up to $536 million since being ordered by the state to close on March 23, including $250 million a month in private tuition.

Part of that tuition loss was covered by the state continuing to pay subsidies and family fees for subsidized children whose day care centers were closed for the past three months. The emergency payments from the state made up for about $18 million in lost tuition, according to the report.

Early education providers are also estimated to have received $150 million in Paycheck Protection Program loans, and $46 million in dedicated CARES Act funding from the federal government.

The MassBudget plan recommends filling the entire $536 budget hole blown into the early education industry. The report also said that it has been estimated that reopening child care centers under new health and safety regulations mandated by the state could cost about 20% more than normal operations, adding $150 million in expenses to the system over the next five months.

“Without significant additional funding from the state or federal governments, the early education system in Massachusetts will be unable to reopen successfully and remain financially viable over the coming months as parents return to work,” Jones wrote.

U.S. Rep. Katherine Clark has filed legislation that would make $10 billion available to child care centers to cover the cost of facility upgrades and other infrastructure necessary to reopen safely during the coronavirus pandemic. Other bills have been filed in Congress to provide relief to the industry but have so far not gained traction.

A new Suffolk University poll for WGBH News, the State House News Service, the Boston Globe and MassLive released on Wednesday found that parents are divided over whether to send their children back to school or day care.

Forty-five percent of people polled who had school-aged children at home said they’d be comfortable sending their child back to school or day care, compared to 49% who said they were not comfortable and 16% who were undecided.

If child care centers are forced to raise tuition, Jones said there is a concern that early education could become something that only wealthy parents can afford, exacerbating the impact of COVID-19 on low-income and people of color who live in poorer neighborhoods who have been disproportionately affected by the virus.

“Families with means have a lot more options to fall back on than folks who don’t,” Jones said.

The WGBH/SNHS/Suffolk poll also found that 60% of people in households earning under $50,000 a year were comfortable sending their kids back to day care, compared to 86% of households with over $100,000 in income.

Black and Hispanic residents also reported being less comfortable than white residents with the idea of sending their children back to school or day care. Only 23% of Black people and 19% of Hispanic people reported being comfortable with the safety of day care centers and schools reopening, compared to 36% of white people.

Jones said that if many parents are too afraid to send their children back to day care that could further alter the financial models for early education and jeopardize the viability of many providers. One way the state might be able to help is to coordinate the procurement and delivery of PPE for early education centers and schools.

“The price tag is high, but what we’re talking about is what it would actually take to get the job done in these difficult circumstances given all the warning signs we’re seeing that providers can’t open or won’t be viable within a couple of months,” Jones said.

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Original story here.